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241 HISTORY
O-LEVEL 2006-2010 SYLLABUS
TOPICS WITH USEFUL RESOURCE LINKS
I
East Africa from C.1000 to independence. 1.
Early history of East Africa, C.1000-1500.
2.
The formation of East African states, C. 1500-1800.
3. The Later History
of the coast, 1498-1800.
4. The growth of external contacts and pressures.
1800-1880.
5. The European scramble and response of East African Peoples.C.1880-1906.
6. East Africa under colonial rule. 1906-1963.
7.
The emergence of Modern East African Nations, C. 1900-1963.
II.
West Africa from C. 1000 to Independence.
1 Trans- Saharan trade
and its influence on the development of West Africa.
2 The rise, expansion, development, and decline of Ghana, Mali, Songhai and
Kanem-Bornu empires.
3 The political, economic and social organization
of the people of Sene-gambia: The Woloff, Fula, and Madinka States.
4
The rise, expansion and political, economic, and social organization of Oyo, Benin,
Dahomey, and Asante (Ashanti). The importance of Yoruba and Benin art.
5 External trade on the West Coast of Africa and its effects up to 1800.
6 The political and economic development of the coastal states: Sierra Leone,
Liberia, Fante, the Yoruba states, Yoruba States, Niger Delta States; the decline
of the slave trade and the development of new trade.
7 The Islamic movements
of the 19th century: Fulani, Kanem-Bornu, Tokolor, and the Madinka Empire.
8 Christian missionary activity and its significance before and after the
Scramble.
9 European imperialism in West Africa and African response:
Ahmadu, Samori, Asante, the Fante Confederation, Dahomey, Niger Delta States,
Benin, the Fulani Emirates.
10 West Africa under colonial rule: Frech
system of administration, British system with special reference to Ghana and Nigeria;
the German system in Togo.
11 Economic and social developments under
colonial rule; changes in communications, industry, commerce and agriculture;
urbanisation; health and education; all with special reference to Senegal and
Ghana.
12 National movements in West Africa since 1900 and the regaining
of independence with special attention to Ghana, Nigeria the Rasemblement Democratique
Africain (RDA) and Guinea Bissau. 111.
Central Africa from C. 1000 to Independence.
1 Early civilisations
and states:
a. Great Zimbabwe, Mwene-Mutapu, Kongo.
b. Lunda-Luba states:
Mwata Yamvo, Bemba, Mwata Kazembe.
c. Malawi states: Cewa, Undi.
2 Portuguese in Angola, Congo, Mozambique and the Zambezi Valley.
3 The
Mfecane band its impact on Central Africa: Ngoni, Sotho, Lozi, Ndebele (Matabele)
and Gaza.
4 The Baya, Banda and Zande invaders of the Northern Congo
Basin.
5
African trading systems and peoples: Luanda, Chokwe, Yao, Rozwi, Bisa and Swahili/Arab.
6 Christian missionary activity and its effects from 1850.
7 The
scramble for and partition of Central Africa. African Response: Ndebele, Mashona,
Lozi, Zande, Yeke, Yao, Gaza kingdom.
8 Central Africa under colonial
rule: Portuguese system of administration with special attention to Mozambique;
British system with special attention to Northern Rhodesia. (Zambia), Belgian
System in Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo); French system with special attention
to Congo.
9 Economic and social developments under colonial rule: changes
in communication, industry, commerce and agriculture; urbanisation; health and
education; all with special reference to Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) and Southern
Rhodesia (Zimbabwe).
10 Nationalist movements in Central Africa since
1900 and the regaining of independence with special attention to Zaire, Zambia,
Malawi, and Mozambique.
IV. South Africa from C.1000 to Independence.
1. The earliest peoples
of South Africa: the Khoisan and the Bantu: the origins, migrations and settlement
of South African people. Their political social and economic organization.
2. The Dutch at the Cape: settlement and expansion. Its impact on African
society and the African response.
3. British rule at the Cape. Relationship
with the Africa people and with the Boers.
4. The Great Trek: causes;
course; effects on Africans, Boers and British.
5. The Mfecane and origins
of the Zulu, Sotho, Swazi and Tswana states; their organization and development.
6. The Boer republics and the British Occupation of Natal: political and
economic systems and the African response. Relations with African states and peoples.
7. Missionary activity and its significance in the 19th and 20th centuries:
the Dutch Reformed Church and the Independent Churches.
8. Economic developments
up to 1910: farming; mineral discoveries and their political, social, and economic
effects on Africans, Boers and British.
9. The Scramble: Anglo-German
rivalry, Namibia (South West Africa) and Botswana; Anglo-Boer wars: unification
of South Africa and its significance.
10. African response to the Scramble:
Zulus resistance under Cetshwayo and the Bambata Rebellion; the 'Gun War' (Cape-Basuto);
the Nama and Herero in Namibia (South West Africa); Khama of Botswana.
11. British rule in Lesotho, Swaziland and Botswana. Nationalist movements up
to independence.
12. Constitutional, social and economic developments
since 1910: White rule and apartheid; farming, industrial expansion; urbanisation,
communications; education and distribution of wealth.
13. African nationalism
in South Africa since 1910: trade unions; political organizations; armed resistance.
14. Namibia: German and South African rule; African nationalism.
15. South Africa and outside world today U.N.O.; N.A.T.O.; O.A.U.. Sanctions and
dialogue.
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